The 159th Fighter Squadron is a unit of the United States Air Force, specifically within the Maryland Air National Guard. Its primary function involves operating and maintaining F-16C/D Fighting Falcon aircraft for air defense, close air support, and other tactical missions. Originally established in 1921 as an observation squadron, it has since evolved through various transformations to adapt to changing military needs. The squadron is headquartered at Martin State Airport, Maryland, and falls under the jurisdiction of the District of Columbia Air National Guard.